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The No. 1 Commando was a unit of the British Commandos and part of the British Army during the Second World War. It was raised in 1940 from the ranks of the existing independent companies. Operationally they carried out a series of small scale cross channel raids and spearheaded the Operation Torch landings in North Africa. They were then sent to the India as part of the 3rd Commando Brigade and took part in operations in the Burma Campaign. During the Second World War only eight commandos were recipients of the Victoria Cross two of the eight were from No. 1 Commando.〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=Commando Veterans Association )〕 After the war they were sent to reoccupy Hong Kong before being amalgamated with No. 5 Commando and became known as No. 1/5 Commando. The amalgamated No. 1/5 Commando was disbanded in 1947. ==Background== The commandos were formed in 1940, by the order of Winston Churchill the British Prime Minister. He called for specially trained troops that would "develop a reign of terror down the enemy coast".〔Chappell, p.5〕 At first they were a small force of volunteers who carried out small raids against enemy occupied territory,〔Chappell, p.3〕 but by 1943 their role had changed into lightly equipped assault Infantry which specialised in spearheading amphibious landings.〔Moreman, p.8〕 The man initially selected as the overall commander of the force was Admiral Sir Roger Keyes himself a veteran of the landings at Galipoli and the Zeebrugge raid in the First World War.〔Chappell, p.6〕 Keyes resigned in October 1941 and was replaced by Admiral Louis Mountbatten.〔 By the autumn of 1940 more than 2,000 men had volunteered for Commando training, and what became known as the Special Service Brigade was formed into 12 units called Commandos.〔Haskew, p.48〕 Each Commando would number around 450 men commanded by a Lieutenant Colonel. They were sub divided into troops of 75 men and further divided into 15 man sections.〔 Commandos were all volunteers seconded from other British Army regiments and retained their own cap badges and remained on their regimental roll for pay.〔Moreman, p.12〕 All volunteers went through the six week intensive commando course at Achnacarry. The course in the Scottish Highlands concentrated on fitness, speed marches, weapons training, map reading, climbing, small boat operations and demolitions both by day and by night.〔van der Bijl, p.12〕 By 1943 the Commandos had moved away from small raiding operations and had been formed in brigades of assault infantry to spearhead future Allied landing operations. Three units were left un-brigaded to carry out smaller scale raids.〔Moreman, pp.84–85〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「No. 1 Commando」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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